Geography
Which country's kings were crowned at Reims cathedral?
- France
- Spain
- Portugal
The answer is France. For a thousand years.
France, where about thirty kings were crowned between 1027 and 1825 - because Clovis, the first king of the Franks, was baptised at Reims around AD 500, and the coronation there claimed continuity with him. A vial of oil supposedly brought by a dove for that baptism, the Sainte Ampoule, was used at each ceremony and was smashed publicly during the Revolution.
Charles VII's coronation there in 1429 is the one with consequences. Reims was deep in English-held territory, and the entire strategic point of Joan of Arc's campaign was to get him to that building - because a king who had not been crowned at Reims with that oil could be argued not to be king at all. Getting him there was a legitimacy operation dressed as a military one, and it worked.
The cathedral was then almost destroyed in the First World War. German shelling from 1914 set the timber roof alight, the molten lead ran out through the gargoyles, and the building burned - it became the most photographed ruin of the war and a propaganda symbol across the Allied countries. The restoration took twenty years and was funded substantially by John D. Rockefeller.