Which pharaoh moved Egypt's worship to the sun disc Aten?

Akhenaten, who abolished the worship of Amun and the rest of the pantheon in favour of a single god represented as the sun disc, closed the temples, moved the capital to a new city built from nothing in the desert, and changed his own name. It is the most abrupt religious revolution in the ancient world.

The art changed with it, and the change is unmistakable. Egyptian royal portraiture had been rigidly idealised for a thousand years; Amarna art shows the king with an elongated skull, heavy hips and a soft belly, and the royal family in domestic scenes - kissing children, eating, grieving. Whether that reflects an actual physical condition or a deliberate stylistic programme is unresolved.

It was undone completely within about two decades. His successors restored the old gods, abandoned the city, and chiselled his name from monuments - and the erasure was thorough enough that he was unknown until nineteenth-century excavation found the site. Freud built a book on the theory that Moses carried Akhenaten's monotheism out of Egypt, which almost no Egyptologist accepts. His son was Tutankhaten, who changed his name to Tutankhamun as part of the restoration, and whose intact tomb made him the most famous Egyptian of all.