What was the name of the first cloned mammal?

Dolly the sheep, born in 1996 at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh - and the significant part is which cell she came from. Cloning from embryonic cells had been done; Dolly was cloned from an adult mammary gland cell, which was supposed to be impossible because a specialised cell was thought to have permanently switched off the genes it was not using.

She was named after Dolly Parton, for reasons the team cheerfully admitted, and she was the only success in 277 attempts. She had six lambs, developed arthritis and a lung infection, and was put down at six - around half the normal lifespan, which prompted a long argument about whether clones age prematurely. Later analysis of her skeleton and of other cloned sheep found no unusual early ageing, and the infection was one common in sheep kept indoors.

The technique's real consequence was not livestock. Showing that an adult cell's programme could be reset led to work on reprogramming cells directly, and Shinya Yamanaka's induced pluripotent stem cells in 2006 - taking an ordinary skin cell and turning it back into something that can become any tissue, without an embryo. That won a Nobel Prize in 2012 and sidestepped most of the ethical objections that had constrained the field.