Which Renaissance anatomist corrected Galen by dissecting humans rather than animals?

Vesalius, whose De humani corporis fabrica appeared in 1543 - the same year as Copernicus, which makes it a good year for overturning an ancient authority.

Galen had dissected pigs, sheep and Barbary macaques, because Roman law forbade human dissection, and then described human anatomy from them. His work went unchallenged for fourteen centuries, taught by professors who read Galen aloud from a chair while a barber-surgeon cut - so when the body disagreed with the text, the body was assumed to be abnormal. Vesalius did the cutting himself, in front of students, and simply listed the errors: the human breastbone has three parts and not seven, the jaw is one bone and not two, and there are no pores in the wall between the heart's ventricles.

The book was also a publishing event. The illustrations, from Titian's workshop, show flayed figures standing in landscapes in classical poses, and the woodblocks were carried over the Alps to a printer in Basel. He was 28. The reaction from Galen's defenders was fierce enough that his own teacher suggested the human body must have changed since antiquity, and Vesalius stopped doing anatomy soon after and became a court physician.